Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Tesla i kēia lā i kāna lā mea hoʻopukapuka e kūkulu ka ʻoihana i kahi kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa ʻole honua.
He iwi hoʻopaʻapaʻa nā ʻāina laha ʻole ma ke kaulahao hoʻolako kaʻa uila no ka mea paʻakikī ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā lako a ua hana ʻia a hana ʻia paha ka hapa nui o ka honua ma Kina.
He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no nā kumu he nui, ʻaʻole ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o ka hoʻokele Biden i kēia manawa e hana i nā mea no nā ʻāpana kaʻa uila.
Eia naʻe, nui nā manaʻo kuhihewa e pili ana i ka REE a me ka nui o ka REE i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa uila.ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā pākahi lithium-ion nā honua laha loa (ʻoiai aia nā "mineral koʻikoʻi" ʻē aʻe e like me ka wehewehe ʻana e ka Inflation Reduction Act).
Ma ka papaʻaina manawa, ʻo "nā ʻāina laha ʻole" nā mea i hōʻike ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula ma ke kiʻi ma lalo - nā lanthanides, a me scandium a me yttrium.ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole lākou i kakaikahi, me ka neodymium no kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o ka ʻike keleawe.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano mea ʻokoʻa i loko o nā kaʻa uila i nā kaʻa kaʻa uila, ʻaʻole nā pā.ʻO ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ka neodymium, kahi magnet ikaika i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōlelo leo, paʻakikī a me nā kaʻa uila.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka Dysprosium a me ka terbium i nā mea hoʻohui no nā magnet neodymium.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole hoʻohana nā ʻano kaʻa kaʻa uila a pau i ka REE—Hoʻohana ʻo Tesla iā lākou i kāna mau kaʻa kaʻa DC mau loa, akā ʻaʻole i kāna mau kaʻa hoʻokomo AC.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻo Tesla i nā kaʻa induction AC i kāna mau kaʻa, ʻaʻole i koi i nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia kahi i hele mai ai ka inoa o ka hui - ʻo Nikola Tesla ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka AC induction motor.Akā i ka wā i puka mai ai ka Model 3, ua hoʻokomo ka hui i kahi kaʻa magnet mau loa a hoʻomaka e hoʻohana iā lākou i nā kaʻa ʻē aʻe.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Tesla i kēia lā ua hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka nui o nā honua laha ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia mau mana hou Model 3 e 25% ma waena o 2017 a me 2022 mahalo i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono powertrain.
Akā i kēia manawa ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Tesla e kiʻi i ka maikaʻi o nā ao ʻelua: kahi kaʻa magnet paʻa akā ʻaʻohe honua laha.
ʻO ke koho nui i ka NdFeB no nā magnet mau loa he ferrite maʻalahi (iron oxide, maʻamau me nā hoʻohui o ka barium a i ʻole strontium).Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoikaika i nā magnet mau loa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea magneti hou aʻe, akā ua kaupalena ʻia ka nui o loko o ka rotor kaʻa a hiki i ka NdFeBB ke hāʻawi i ka magnetization hou aku me nā mea liʻiliʻi.ʻO kekahi mau mea hoʻokele mau loa ma ka mākeke ʻo AlNiCo (AlNiCo), e hana maikaʻi ana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe akā nalowale ka magnetization maʻalahi, a me Samarium Cobalt, kekahi mea hoʻokalakupua honua like ʻole me NdFeB akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.Ke noiʻi ʻia nei kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe i kēia manawa, ʻo ka manaʻo nui e hoʻopaʻa i ke kaʻe ma waena o nā ferrites a me nā ʻāina laha ʻole, akā aia nō kēia i ka lab a ʻaʻole i hana ʻia.
Manaʻo wau ua loaʻa iā Tesla kahi ala e hoʻohana ai i kahi rotor me kahi magnet ferrite.Inā hoʻemi lākou i ka ʻike REE, ʻo ia ka mea e hōʻemi ana lākou i ka helu o nā magnet mau loa i ka rotor.Manaʻo wau ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻemi i ka flux maʻamau mai kahi ʻāpana ferrite nui ma kahi o kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o NdFeB.Ua hewa paha au, ua hoʻohana paha lākou i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ma ka pālākiō hoʻokolohua.Akā ʻaʻole paha ia iaʻu - ke manaʻo nei ʻo Tesla no ka hana nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano o ka honua a i ʻole nā ferrites.
I ka hōʻike ʻana o ka lā hoʻopukapuka kālā, ua hōʻike ʻo Tesla i kahi paheʻe e hoʻohālikelike ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻāina laha ʻole i ka Model Y permanent magnet motor me kahi kaʻa o ka hanauna e hiki mai ana:
ʻAʻole i wehewehe ʻo Tesla i nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia ka ʻike he mea huna kālepa ʻaʻole makemake ia e haʻi.Akā ʻo ka helu mua hiki ke neodymium, ʻo ke koena hiki ke dysprosium a me terbium.
No nā ʻenekini e hiki mai ana - ʻaʻole maopopo mākou.Hōʻike nā kiʻi kiʻi a Tesla e loaʻa i ka mīkini kaʻa e hiki mai ana kahi magnet mau, akā ʻaʻole e hoʻohana kēlā magnet i nā honua laha.
ʻO nā magnet paʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Neodymium ka mea maʻamau no ia mau noi no kekahi manawa, akā ua ʻimi ʻia nā mea pono ʻē aʻe i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala e pani ai.ʻOiai ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻo Tesla i ka mea āna e manaʻo ai e hoʻohana, ʻike ʻia ua kokoke e hoʻoholo - a i ʻole e ʻike i kahi manawa e loaʻa ai kahi hopena maikaʻi aʻe i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Ke hoʻokele nei ʻo Jameson i nā kaʻa uila mai 2009 a ua kākau ʻo ia e pili ana i nā kaʻa uila a me ka ikehu maʻemaʻe no electrok.co mai 2016.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-08-2023