He neodymium (Nd-Fe-B).ʻO ia ka mea maʻamau honua maʻamau i haku ʻia me neodymium (Nd), hao (Fe), boron (B), a me nā metala hoʻololi. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma nā noi ma muli o ko lākou māla ikaika, ʻo ia ka 1.4 teslas (T), kahi ʻāpana o ka induction magnetic a i ʻole flux density.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā magnet Neodymium e ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua lilo lākou i mea hoʻohana nui loa i nā magnet mai ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka makahiki 1984.
Ma kona ʻano kūlohelohe, he ferromagnetic ka neodymium a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa. Ke hui pū ʻia me nā metala ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hao, hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia i ka lumi wela.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mana magnetic o kahi neodymium magnet ma ke kiʻi ma ka ʻākau.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua o nā mea hoʻokalakupua honua he neodymium a me ka samarium cobalt. Ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā magnet neodymium, ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā magnet samarium cobalt akā ua hoʻololi ʻia e nā magnet neodymium ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻana i nā magnet samarium cobalt.
He aha nā waiwai o kahi Neodymium Magnet?
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o nā magnet neodymium ka ikaika o ko lākou nui. Hoʻomaka ke kahua mākēneki o kahi magnet neodymium i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai kahi māla magnetic iā ia a align nā dipoles atomic, ʻo ia ka loop hysteresis magnetic. Ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ke kahua magnetic, e waiho ʻia kahi hapa o ka alignment i ka neodymium magnetized.
Hōʻike nā māka o nā magnet neodymium i ko lākou ikaika magnetic. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu helu, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka mana magnet. Loaʻa nā helu mai ko lākou mau waiwai i hōʻike ʻia he mega gauss Oersteds a i ʻole MGOe, ʻo ia ka wahi ikaika loa o kāna BH Curve.
Hoʻomaka ka pālākiō "N" ma N30 a hele i N52, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia nā magnet N52 a hoʻohana wale ʻia i nā hihia kūikawā. Hiki ke hahai ʻia ka helu "N" e nā leka ʻelua, e like me SH, e hōʻike ana i ka coercivity o ka magnet (Hc). ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka Hc, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wela e hiki ai i ka neo magnet ke hoʻomanawanui ma mua o ka nalowale ʻana o kāna huahana.
Hōʻike ka pakuhi ma lalo nei i nā māka maʻamau o nā magnet neodymium e hoʻohana ʻia nei.
Nā Pono o nā Mākēneki Neodymium
Noho hou:
Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka neodymium i loko o kahi māla magnetic, e align nā dipoles atomic. Ma hope o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻana mai ke kula, e hoʻomau ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka alignment e hana ana i ka neodymium magnetized. ʻO ka remanence ka mānoanoa o ka flux i koe i ka wā e hoʻi mai ke kahua o waho mai kahi waiwai o ka saturation a i ʻole, ʻo ia ke koena magnetization. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka remanence, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka flux density. Loaʻa i ka neodymium magnet ka flux density o 1.0 a 1.4 T.
ʻOkoʻa ka noho ʻana o nā magnet neodymium ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana. Loaʻa iā Sintered neodymium magnet ka T o 1.0 a 1.4. Loaʻa nā magnet neodymium paʻa i ka 0.6 a 0.7 T.
Ka hoʻokoe ʻana:
Ma hope o ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻana o ka neodymium, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻi i ka zero magnetization. No ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka magnetization zero, pono e hoʻihoʻi ʻia e kahi kahua ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo coercivity. ʻO kēia waiwai o ka magnet kona hiki ke kū i ka mana o kahi mana magnetic waho me ka ʻole o ka demagnetized. ʻO ka Coercivity ke ana o ka ikaika e pono ai mai kahi mākēneki e hōʻemi i ka magnetization o kahi magnet i hope a i ʻole ke kūʻē ʻana o kahi magnet e demagnetized.
Ana ʻia ka coercivity i nā ʻāpana oersted a i ʻole ampere i kapa ʻia ʻo Hc. ʻO ka coercivity o nā magnet neodymium e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana. He coercivity o 750 Hc a hiki i 2000 Hc nā mākēneki neodymium i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻoiai he coercivity nā neodymium i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai 600 Hc a 1200 Hc.
Huahana ikehu:
Hōʻike ʻia ka nui o ka ikehu magnetic e ka nui o ka nui o ka flux density manawa i ka ikaika o ke kahua magnetic, ʻo ia ka nui o ka flux magnetic ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ili. Ana ʻia nā ʻāpana ma ka teslas no nā ʻāpana SI a me kāna Gauss me ka hōʻailona no ka haʻahaʻa flux ʻo ia ka B. ʻO ka mākēneki flux density ka huina o ke kahua mākēneki waho H a me ka polarization magnetic kino J ma nā ʻāpana SI.
Loaʻa i nā mākēneki mau kahi kahua B ma ko lākou kumu a me nā puni. ʻO ke kuhikuhi o ka ikaika o ka māla B e pili ana i nā kiko i loko a i waho o ka magnet. ʻO kahi kui panana ma kahi kahua B o kahi magnet e kuhikuhi ana iā ia iho i ke kuhikuhi kahua.
ʻAʻohe ala maʻalahi e helu ai i ka nui o ka flux o nā ʻano magnetic. Aia nā polokalamu kamepiula e hiki ke hana i ka helu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōkuhi maʻalahi no nā geometries liʻiliʻi paʻakikī.
Ua ana ʻia ka ikaika o kahi mākēneki ma Gauss a i ʻole Teslas a ʻo ia ke ana maʻamau o ka ikaika o ka magnet, ʻo ia ke ana o ka mānoanoa o kona māla magnetic. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mita gauss e ana i ka nui o ka flux o ka magnet. ʻO 6000 Gauss a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka flux no ka neodymium magnet no ka mea he laina demagnetization curve pololei.
Ka Mahana Curie:
ʻO ka mahana curie, a i ʻole ka helu curie, ʻo ia ka mahana i hoʻololi ʻia ai nā mea magnetic i ko lākou mau waiwai magnetic a lilo i paramagnetic. I loko o nā metala mākēneki, hoʻolikelike ʻia nā ʻātoma magnetic i ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi a hoʻoikaika i ke kahua magnetic o kēlā me kēia. Hoʻololi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahana curie i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻātoma.
Piʻi ka coercivity i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. ʻOiai he kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika o ka neodymium magnet ma ka lumi wela, e iho ana ia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana a hiki i ka mahana curie, hiki ke kokoke i 320 ° C a i ʻole 608 ° F.
ʻO ka manaʻo o ka ikaika o nā magnet neodymium, hiki i nā wela wela ke hoʻololi i kā lākou mau mana. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻolilo iā lākou i ka nalowale loa i kā lākou mau waiwai magnetic, e hoʻomaka ana ma 80 ° C a i ʻole 176 ° F.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai nā mākēneki Neodymium?
ʻO nā kaʻina hana ʻelua i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā magnet neodymium ʻo ka sintering a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. ʻOkoʻa nā waiwai o nā magnet i hoʻopau ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana me ka sintering ka mea maikaʻi loa o nā ʻano ʻelua.
Pehea i hana ʻia ai nā Magnet Neodymium
Hoʻopaʻa ʻana
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hehee:
Ua ana ʻia ka Neodymium, Iron a me Boron a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi umu hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e hana i kahi huila. Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe no nā māka kikoʻī, e like me ka cobalt, copper, gadolinium, a me dysprosium e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻomehana ʻana e nā au eddy uila i loko o kahi ʻūhā e pale aku i nā mea haumia. ʻOkoʻa ka hui neo alloy no kēlā me kēia mea hana a me ka pae o ka neodymium magnet.
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pauda:
Hoʻomaʻalili ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hana ʻia i loko o nā ingots. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ingots i loko o kahi hau hau a me ka argon e hana i ka pauka micron-nui. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pauka neodymium i loko o kahi hopper no ke kaomi ʻana.
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Ke kaomi nei:
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka pauka i loko o kahi make i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke ʻano i makemake ʻia e kahi kaʻina i ʻike ʻia he huhū ma kahi mahana o 725 ° C. ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka die e hiki ai ke emi i ka wā o ke kaʻina sintering. I ke kaomi ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka mea i kahi māla magnetic. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka lua make e kaomi ʻia i kahi ʻano ākea e hoʻohālikelike i ka magnetization e like me ke kuhikuhi o ke kaomi ʻana. Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano i nā mea paʻa e hoʻohua i nā māla magnetic i ka wā e kaomi ʻana e hoʻolike i nā ʻāpana.
Ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka magnet i kaomi ʻia, loaʻa iā ia kahi pulse demagnetizing e waiho i ka demagnetized no ka hana ʻana i kahi magnet ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hiki ke ʻūlū maʻalahi a loaʻa nā waiwai magnetic maikaʻi ʻole.
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Sintering:
ʻO ka sintering, a i ʻole frittage, hoʻopaʻa a hana i ka magnet ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wela ma lalo o kona wahi hoʻoheheʻe e hāʻawi iā ia i kona mau waiwai magnetic hope. Mālama pono ʻia ke kaʻina hana i loko o kahi ea ʻole o ka oxygen. Hiki i nā oxide ke hoʻopau i ka hana a ka neodymium magnet. Hoʻopiʻi ʻia ia ma nā mahana a hiki i 1080 ° C akā ma lalo o kona helu heheʻe e koi ai i nā ʻāpana e pili kekahi i kekahi.
Hoʻohana ʻia kahi kinai no ka hoʻomaloʻo wikiwiki ʻana i ka magnet a hōʻemi i nā ʻāpana, ʻo ia nā ʻano like ʻole o ka alloy i loaʻa nā waiwai magnetic maikaʻi ʻole.
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Mīkini:
Hoʻohana ʻia nā magnet sintered me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana daimana a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻoki uea e hoʻohālikelike iā lākou i nā ʻae kūpono.
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Ka uhi ʻana a me ka uhi ʻana:
ʻO Neodymium ka oxidize wikiwiki a hiki i ka corrosion, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i kāna mau waiwai magnetic. Ma ke ʻano he pale, ua uhi ʻia lākou me ka plastic, nickel, copper, zinc, tin, a i ʻole nā ʻano o ka uhi.
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Hoʻomāmā:
ʻOiai he kuhikuhi ka magnetization o ka magnet, ʻaʻole ia i magnetized a pono e hōʻike pōkole ʻia i kahi māla magnetic ikaika, ʻo ia ka wili o ka uea e hoʻopuni ana i ka magnet. ʻO ka magnetizing e pili ana i nā capacitors a me ka volta kiʻekiʻe e hana i kahi au ikaika.
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Nānā hope loa:
Hōʻoia nā mea hana kikohoʻe ana i nā ana a me ka ʻenehana fluorescence x-ray e hōʻoia i ka mānoanoa o ka plating. Ua ho'āʻoʻia ka uhiʻana ma nāʻano'ē aʻe e hōʻoia i kona maikaʻi a me kona ikaika. Hoʻāʻo ʻia ka pihi BH e kahi hysteresis graph e hōʻoia i ka hoʻonui piha.
Hoʻopaʻa
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a i ʻole ka hoʻopili paʻa ʻana, he kaʻina hana paʻi make e hoʻohana ana i ka hui ʻana o ka pauka neodymium a me kahi mea hoʻopaʻa epoxy. ʻO ka hui ʻana he 97% mea magnetic a me 3% epoxy.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka hui ʻana o ka epoxy a me ka neodymium i kahi paʻi a i ʻole extruded a hoʻōla ʻia i loko o ka umu. No ka mea ua paʻi ʻia ka hui ʻana i loko o ka make a i ʻole e hoʻokomo ʻia i ka extrusion, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā magnet i nā ʻano paʻakikī a me nā hoʻonohonoho. Hoʻopuka ke kaʻina hana hoʻopaʻa paʻa i nā magnet me nā ʻae paʻa a ʻaʻole koi i nā hana lua.
He isotropic nā mea hoʻopaʻa hoʻopaʻa hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao, e komo pū ana me nā hoʻonohonoho multi-polar. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka epoxy e ikaika ai nā magnet e wili ʻia a wili ʻia akā ʻaʻole e wili ʻia a paʻi ʻia.
Radial Sintered
ʻO nā magnet neodymium Radially oriented ka mea hou loa ma ka mākeke magnet. Ua ʻike ʻia ke kaʻina hana no ka hana ʻana i nā magnet radial aligned no nā makahiki he nui akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke kumu kūʻai. Ua hoʻopololei nā hana ʻenehana hou i ke kaʻina hana e hana maʻalahi i nā magnet radially oriented.
ʻO nā kaʻina hana ʻekolu no ka hana ʻana i nā radial aligned neodymium magnets he anisotropic pressure molding, hot pressing backward extrusion, a me radial rotating field alignment.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana sintering e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻohe wahi nāwaliwali i ka hoʻolālā magnets.
ʻO ke ʻano kūʻokoʻa o nā magnet radially aligned ʻo ia ke kuhikuhi o ke kahua magnetic, e hohola ana a puni ka perimeter o ka magnet. Aia ka pou hema o ka magnet ma loko o ke apo, a ʻo ka poʻe ʻākau ma kona pōʻai.
He anisotropic nā mākēneki neodymium i hoʻohālikelike ʻia a hoʻopaneʻe ʻia mai loko o ke apo a i waho. Hoʻonui ka radial magnetization i nā apo magnetic a hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i mau ʻano like ʻole.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenekini radial neodymium no nā kaʻa synchronous, nā kaʻa wāwae, a me nā kaʻa brushless DC no ka ʻenehana, kamepiula, uila, a me nā ʻoihana kamaʻilio.
Nā noi o nā Mākēneki Neodymium
Mea hoʻokaʻawale Mākēneki:
I ka hōʻike ma lalo nei, ua uhi ʻia ke kāʻei conveyor me nā magnet neodymium. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā magnet me nā pou ʻē aʻe e kū ana i waho e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi paʻa magnetic ikaika. E hāʻule nā mea ʻaʻole i huki ʻia i nā magnet, aʻo ka mea ferromagnetic e hāʻule i loko o kahi pahu hōʻiliʻili.
Nā kīwaha paʻakikī:
Loaʻa i nā pahu paʻakikī nā ala a me nā ʻāpana me nā cell magnetic. Hoʻopili ʻia nā cell i ka wā i kākau ʻia ai ka ʻikepili i ka drive.
ʻO nā kiʻi kīkā uila:
Hoʻomaopopo ka ʻohi kīkā uila i nā kaula haʻalulu a hoʻololi i ka hōʻailona i ke au uila nāwaliwali e hoʻouna i kahi mea hoʻonui a me ka leo. ʻAʻole like nā kīkā uila e hoʻonui i ko lākou kani i loko o ka pahu hollow ma lalo o nā kaula. Hiki i nā kīkā uila ke metala paʻa a i ʻole ka lāʻau me ko lākou leo i hoʻonui ʻia me ka uila.
Hana wai:
Hoʻohana ʻia nā magnet Neodymium i ka mālama wai e hōʻemi i ka scaling mai ka wai paʻakikī. Loaʻa i ka wai paʻakikī ka nui o ka mineral o ka calcium a me ka magnesium. Me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wai magnetic, hele ka wai i loko o kahi māla magnetic e hopu i ka scaling. ʻAʻole i ʻae ʻia ka ʻenehana ma ke ʻano he pono. Ua loaʻa nā hopena hoʻoikaika.
Nā hoʻololi Reed:
ʻO ka hoʻololi ohe he mea hoʻololi uila e hoʻohana ʻia e kahi māla magnetic. Loaʻa iā lākou ʻelua mau mea pili a me nā ʻohe metala i loko o kahi envelop aniani. Wehe ʻia nā pilina o ka hoʻololi a hiki i ka hoʻā ʻia ʻana e kahi magnet.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻololi Reed i nā ʻōnaehana mechanical e like me nā mea ʻike kokoke i nā puka a me nā puka makani no nā ʻōnaehana alarm burglar a me ka hōʻoia ʻana. Ma nā laptops, hoʻololi nā ʻohe i ka pona i ke ʻano moe ke pani ʻia ka poʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kīpē pedal no nā ʻāpana paipu i nā hoʻololi ʻohe i loko o ka pā aniani no nā mea pili e pale iā lākou mai ka lepo, lepo, a me nā ʻōpala.
Mākēneki humuhumu:
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Neodymium humuhumu i nā mea magnet no nā paʻi magnetic ma nā ʻeke, nā lole, a me nā waihona a i ʻole nā mea hoʻopaʻa. Kūʻai pālua ʻia nā magnet humuhumu me kahi magnet he + a ʻo kekahi a-.
Nā Mākēneki niho:
Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā niho niho me nā mea magnet i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻāwae o ka mea maʻi. Mālama ʻia nā magnet mai ka ʻino ʻana mai ka saliva e ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kila kila. Hoʻohana ʻia ka ceramic titanium nitride e pale i ka abrasion a hōʻemi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka nickel.
Nā Pani Puka Magnetic:
ʻO nā pani puka mākēneki he mea hana mechanical e paʻa ana i ka puka e hāmama. Hāmama ka puka, hoʻopā i ka magnet, a wehe ʻia a wehe ʻia ka puka mai ka magnet.
Lai Paʻi:
Hele mai nā ʻāpana mea hoʻonaninani magnetic me ʻelua hapa a kūʻai ʻia ma ke ʻano he pālua. Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana he magnet i loko o ka hale o nā mea ʻaʻole magnet. Hoʻopili ke kaula hao ma ka hope i ke kaulahao o ke kūpeʻe lima a i ʻole ka lei. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hale magnet i loko o kekahi me ka pale ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana ma waena o nā magnet e hāʻawi i kahi paʻa paʻa.
Nā mea haʻiʻōlelo:
Hoʻololi nā mea haʻiʻōlelo i ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu mechanical a i ʻole ka neʻe. Hoʻopiʻi ka ikehu mechanical i ka ea a hoʻololi i ka neʻe i ka ikehu kani a i ʻole ka pae kaomi kani. ʻO ke au uila, i hoʻouna ʻia ma o ka wili uea, hana i kahi mākena i loko o kahi magnet i hoʻopili ʻia i ka mea haʻiʻōlelo. Hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka puʻupuʻu leo a hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka magnet mau, ka mea e hana ai i ka cone, hoʻopili ʻia ka wili leo, neʻe i hope a i waho. Hoʻokumu ka ʻoni cones i nā nalu kaomi i lohe ʻia he kani.
Nā mea ʻike hoʻopaʻa kūʻē i ka laka:
I loko o nā pale pale pale, ua wahī ʻia nā magnet neodymium i loko o nā coils keleawe i loko o nā mea ʻike. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana braking anti-lock ka hoʻomalu i ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o nā huila ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kaomi laina i hoʻopili ʻia i ka pahu. ʻO nā hōʻailona hoʻomalu, i hana ʻia e ka mea hoʻoponopono a hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻāpana modulating pressure brake, ua lawe ʻia mai nā mea ʻike wikiwiki o ka huila.
Holo nā niho ma ke apo ʻike ma mua o ka mea ʻike magnetic, kahi e hoʻohuli ai i ka polarity o ke kahua magnetic e hoʻouna i kahi hōʻailona alapine i ka wikiwiki angular o ke axle. ʻO kaʻokoʻa o ka hōʻailona ka wikiwiki o nā huila.
Neodymium Magnet noonoo
E like me ka mea ikaika a ikaika loa ma ka honua, hiki i nā neodymium magnet ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole. He mea nui e mālama pono ʻia me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka pōʻino e hiki mai ana. Aia ma lalo iho nā wehewehe o kekahi o nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā magnet neodymium.
Nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā Magnet Neodymium
ʻEha kino:
Hiki i nā mea magnet Neodymium ke lele pū a ʻili i ka ʻili a i ʻole e hōʻeha nui. Hiki iā lākou ke lele a paʻi pū mai kekahi mau ʻīniha a i kekahi mau kapuaʻi kaʻawale. Inā he manamana lima ma ke ala, hiki ke haki a pōʻino nui paha. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā magnet Neodymium ma mua o nā ʻano magnet ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mana ikaika loa ma waena o lākou he mea kupanaha.
Mākēneki Haʻi:
He palupalu nā mākēne Neodymium a hiki ke ʻili, ʻoki, ʻāhaʻi a ʻāhaʻi paha inā paʻi pū lākou, e hoʻouna ana i nā ʻāpana metala liʻiliʻi e lele ana me ka wikiwiki loa. Hana ʻia nā magnet Neodymium me kahi mea paʻakikī a palupalu. ʻOiai ua hana ʻia me ka metala, a me ke ʻano ʻālohilohi, metala, ʻaʻole lākou paʻa. Pono e hoʻohana i ka pale maka i ka wā e lawelawe ai iā lākou.
E mālama i nā keiki:
ʻAʻole nā mea pāʻani nā neodymium magnets. ʻAʻole pono e ʻae ʻia nā keiki e mālama iā lākou. Hiki i nā mea liʻiliʻi ke lilo i mea pōʻino. Inā ale ʻia nā magnet he nui, pili lākou i kekahi i kekahi ma nā paia o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ke olakino koʻikoʻi, e koi koke ana i ka hōʻoki pilikia.
Poino i ka Pacemakers:
Hiki ke launa pū me ka mea i hoʻokomo ʻia me ka ikaika o ka ʻumi gauss kokoke i kahi pacemaker a i ʻole defibrillator. Hoʻokumu nā magnet Neodymium i nā māla magnetic ikaika, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā pacemakers, ICD, a me nā mea lapaʻau i hoʻokomo ʻia. Nui nā mea implanted i hoʻopau ʻia ke kokoke lākou i kahi kahua magnetic.
Mea hoʻopaneʻe mākēneki:
Hiki ke hoʻopōʻino i nā pāpaʻi magnetic e like me nā floppy disks, kāleka hōʻaiʻē, kāleka ID magnetic, cassette tapes, nā lipine wikiō, hōʻino i nā televise kahiko, nā VCR, nā nānā kamepiula, a me nā hōʻike CRT. ʻAʻole pono e waiho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā mea uila.
GPS a me nā kelepona:
Hoʻopilikia nā māla magnetic i nā panana a i ʻole nā magnetometers a me nā panana kūloko o nā smartphones a me nā polokalamu GPS. ʻO ka International Air Transport Association a me nā lula a me nā lula o ka US Federal e uhi i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā magnet.
ʻAleʻaleʻa Nickel:
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi maʻi nickel, hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale i ka nickel ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoweliweli weliweli a hoʻopuka i nā kemika e hakakā ai. ʻO ka hopena maʻi i ka nickel ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻili ʻili. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o nā allergies Nickel i nā wahine a me nā kaikamahine. Ma kahi o, 36 pakeneka o nā wahine, ma lalo o 18, loaʻa i ka maʻi nickel. ʻO ke ala e pale aku ai i ka maʻi maʻi nickel e pale aku i nā magnet neodymium i uhi ʻia i ka nickel coated.
Demagnetization:
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ikaika o nā neodymium a hiki i 80 ° C a i ʻole 175 ° F. ʻO ka mahana a lākou e hoʻomaka ai e nalowale i ko lākou pono ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka papa, ke ʻano, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana.
Hiki ke ahi:
ʻAʻole pono e wili ʻia a hana ʻia nā magnet Neodymium. ʻO ka lepo a me ka pauka i hana ʻia e ka wili ʻana he mea wela.
ʻAiʻino:
Hoʻopau ʻia nā magnet Neodymium me kekahi ʻano o ka uhi ʻana a i ʻole ka plating e pale aku iā lākou mai nā kumu. ʻAʻole wai wai a ʻā a ʻā paha ke waiho ʻia i loko o nā wahi pulu a pulu paha.
Nā Kūlana a me nā Hoʻoponopono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Magnet Neodymium
ʻOiai ʻo ka neodymium magnets he māla magnetic ikaika, palupalu loa lākou a koi i ka lawelawe kūikawā. Ua hoʻomohala kekahi mau ʻoihana nānā ʻoihana i nā lula e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana, hana ʻana, a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā magnet neodymium. Hōʻike ʻia kahi wehewehe pōkole o kekahi o nā lula ma lalo nei.
Nā Kūlana a me nā Hoʻoponopono no nā Mākēneki Neodymium
American Society of Mechanical Engineers:
He mau kūlana ko ka American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) no nā mea hoʻokiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka Hook. Pili ka B30.20 maʻamau i ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ka nānā ʻana, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻokiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea hoʻokiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kahi e hoʻonoho ai ka mea hoʻohana i ka magnet ma luna o ka ukana a alakaʻi i ka ukana. Hoʻohana ʻia ka maʻamau ASME BTH-1 me ka ASME B30.20.
Nānā Hazard a me nā wahi mana koʻikoʻi:
ʻO ka Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) he ʻōnaehana hoʻokele hoʻokele pilikia i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua. Nānā ia i ka palekana o ka meaʻai mai nā pōʻino olaola, kemika, a me ke kino ma ke koi ʻana i ka ʻike a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pōʻino ma kekahi mau wahi o ka hana hana. Hāʻawi ia i ka palapala hōʻoia no nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā hale meaʻai. Ua ʻike a hōʻoia ʻo HACCP i kekahi mau mea hoʻokaʻawale i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai.
ʻOihana Mahiʻai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa:
Ua ʻae ʻia nā mea hoʻokaʻawale magnetic e ka United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana me ʻelua papahana hoʻoponopono meaʻai:
- Papahana Nānā Lako Waiwai
- Polokalama Loiloi i na Lako I'a
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā palapala hōʻoia ma nā kūlana ʻelua a i ʻole nā alakaʻi:
- Hoʻolālā hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hana ʻana i nā lako hana waiu
- Hoʻolālā hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hana ʻana i nā lako hana ʻiʻo a me nā moa e kū ana i ka NSF/ANSI/3-A SSI 14159-1-2014 Nā Koina Hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Kaohi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻino:
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pōʻino (RoHS) i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kēpau, cadmium, polybrominated biphenyl (PBB), mercury, hexavalent chromium, a me ka polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) nā mea pale ahi i nā lako uila. No ka mea hiki ke pilikia nā magnet neodymium, ua hoʻomohala ʻo RoHS i nā kūlana no ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana.
International Civil Aviation Organization:
Hoʻoholo ʻia nā Magnets i mea maikaʻi maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻouna ʻana ma waho o ka Continental United States i nā wahi honua. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hoʻouna ʻia e ka lewa, pono ke loaʻa ka ikaika o ke kahua magnetic o 0.002 Gauss a i ʻole ma kahi mamao o ʻehiku kapuaʻi mai kēlā me kēia kiko ma ka ʻili o ka pūʻolo.
Federal Aviation Administration:
Pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia nā pūʻolo i loaʻa nā magnet i hoʻouna ʻia e ka lewa e hoʻokō i nā kūlana paʻa. Pono e ana nā pūʻolo Magnet ma lalo o 0.00525 gauss ma 15 kapuaʻi mai ka pūʻolo. Pono nā magnet ikaika a ikaika i kekahi ʻano pale. Nui nā lula a me nā koi e hoʻokō ʻia no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā magnet ma ka lewa ma muli o nā pōʻino palekana.
Kaohi, Loiloi, Apono ana i na Kemika:
ʻO ka Restriction, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH) he hui honua i ʻāpana o ka European Union. Hoʻoponopono a hoʻomohala i nā kūlana no nā mea weliweli. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau palapala e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana, ka lawelawe ʻana, a me ka hana ʻana i nā magnet. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā palapala e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā magnet i nā mea lapaʻau a me nā mea uila.
Ka hopena
- ʻO nā mākēneki Neodymium (Nd-Fe-B), i ʻike ʻia ʻo neo magnets, he mau mākēneki honua laha ʻole i haku ʻia me neodymium (Nd), hao (Fe), boron (B), a me nā metala hoʻololi.
- ʻO nā kaʻina hana ʻelua i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā magnet neodymium ʻo ka sintering a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.
- Ua lilo nā magnet Neodymium i mea hoʻohana nui loa i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā magnet.
- Hoʻomaka ke kahua mākēneki o kahi magnet neodymium i ka wā e hoʻopili ʻia ai kahi māla magnetic iā ia a align nā dipoles atomic, ʻo ia ka loop hysteresis magnetic.
- Hiki ke hana ʻia nā magnet neodymium i kēlā me kēia nui akā mālama i ko lākou ikaika magnetic mua.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-11-2022