ʻO Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, kahi mea koʻikoʻi o New Energy Vehicles, he nui nā kumuwaiwai kūloko a me nā pono nui.

Ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kino maikaʻi, nā waiwai kemika maikaʻi a me nā waiwai kaʻina hana maikaʻi,mea hoʻopalekanahoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻāpana automotive precision, e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka pono o nā ʻāpana automotive. ʻO ka mea magnetic ka mea nui o ke kaʻa hoʻokele o nā kaʻa ikehu hou. Ua lilo ka electrification i alakaʻi hoʻomohala o ka ʻoihana automotive honua, a he wahi nui ka mākeke mea magnetic. Eia kekahi, aia ʻo Kina ka nui o nā waiwai o ka honua i ka honua. Loaʻa iā Kina nā waihona waiwai nui o ka honua, nā huahana nui a me nā kumukūʻai a me nā pono waiwai. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa hou o Kina, ʻo nā mea hoʻonaninani kaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka hōʻea ʻana o nā puka koi e lilo i wahi ulu hou o ka ʻoihana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

I ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i lalo o nā mea magnetic, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o Kina ma kahi o 50%. I ka hoʻolālā koi honua o nā mea magnetic kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka automotive ka 52%.

ʻO ke kaʻa kaʻa kekahi o nā mea nui ʻekolu o nā kaʻa ikehu hou. ʻO ka mea magnetic ka mea waiwai nui no ka stator a me ka rotor o ke kaʻa kaʻa. Wahi a ka ʻikepili o ke Kuhina o ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻenehana ʻikepili o Kina, ma ka lā Dekemaba 2019, ua hiki i ka 1.24 miliona ka nui o ka mana o nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa home ma Kina, ʻo ia ka 99% o ka mākeke. ʻO ka motor synchronous magnet paʻa ka mea nui o ka stator, rotor a me ka makani, ka uhi hope a me nā hana mechanical ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o nā mea magnetic e hoʻoholo pololei i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me ka ikaika o ka ikehu a me ka paʻa o ka mīkini hoʻokele magnet mau.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea magnetic automotive e hoʻokele i nā kaʻa o nā kaʻa ikehu hou. ʻO ka mīkini hoʻokele o nā kaʻa ikehu hou he mīkini electromagnetic huakaʻi e hana ana ma ke kumu o ka electromagnetic induction. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻololi i ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu mechanical a hoʻopaʻa i ka mana uila mai ka ʻōnaehana uila i ka wā e hana ai. Hoʻopuka i ka mana mechanical i ka ʻōnaehana mechanical. ʻO ke kaʻa kaʻa hoʻi i hope ka mea nui o ka stator, rotor a me ka makani, ka uhi hope a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe. Ma waena o lākou, ʻo ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o nā stator a me nā rotor cores e hoʻoholo pololei i ka waiwai o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e like me ka ikaika o ka ikehu a me ka paʻa o ka mīkini kaʻa, helu no 19% a me 11% o ka nui o ka waiwai o ka mīkini paʻa magnet synchronous. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea magnetic i nā rotors kaʻa kaʻa. Mai ka ʻaoʻao waiwai, nā mea magnetic a me nā ʻāpana kila silika nā mea koʻikoʻi e hoʻoholo ai i ka waiwai o ka motor synchronous magnet mau loa, ʻo 30% a me 20% o ka huina kālā.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻano kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa ikehu hou ka nui o nā kaʻa AC asynchronous a me nā kaʻa hoʻokele magnet mau. Hōʻike ia i ka piʻi ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma ke ʻano he kumu mana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, loaʻa i nā ʻano o ka mana o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ka hana hilinaʻi a me ka hana wikiwiki hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano kaʻa ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka mana nui ma lalo o ka nui like a me ka leo, a he ʻano kaʻa kūpono no nā kaʻa ikehu hou. Ma waena o lākou, ua hoʻohana ʻo Iapana a me South Korea i ka mīkini synchronous magnet mau loa, a ua hoʻohana ʻo ʻEulopa i ka mīkini asynchronous AC. ʻO ka mīkini paʻa paʻa synchronous motor (PMSM) ua lilo i mīkini kūʻai nui loa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kaʻa ikehu hou o Kina ma muli o kona mana kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, liʻiliʻi a me ke kaumaha.